Camp Martin Travels

These entries will be a combination of historical day trips, graduate level travel courses, and just little stops along the way. I have been teaching 8th grade American History for over 25 years. I am also a Civil War Reenactor and have traveled to Germany and Austria with several groups of exchange students and written about our adventures. Please check all my posts by using the monthly Blog Archive tabs shown below. I have posted over 150 Blog Episodes since 2009... Please explore them all!

Sunday, November 25, 2012

An American in Germany / Part # 13 / Altötting


GAPP Exchange Journal 2012
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Round About Altötting, Bavaria
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"Ice" It's Mandatory for All!
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Following my abbreviated school day at KKG (König-Karlmann-Gymnasium) I took the opportunity to do a little solo exploring of the small city of Altötting, where our host school was located.  The downtown area is well known as a religious destination but what else could be found beyond the Church Plaza?  I walked downtown on the normal route, which I was getting more familiar with every time I needed to go down to the center of Altötting.  I soon passed by Wendy's favorite ice cream cafe and stopped in out of respect to order a cone of Snicky, my favorite favor so far, made to taste like a Snickers candybar.  The ice cream or "Ice" as it is called in Germany, so far consisted mostly of the Italian gelato style, piled high in stainless steel pans within a glass covered refrigerated case.  The portion size and price were both modest, equating to a cheap favorable pick-me-up at any given time of day!  Like I said in previous posts... It was mandatory!  In addition to the standard Bavarian fare served in local traditional restaurants and cafes, there were also other food choices available from around the globe including Turkish, Italian, and even Chinese take out.  I continued on toward the center of town to explore some of the unique looking shops I had seen earlier within the square but never had time to explore.

  Religious Shops on the Square
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There were a series of shops who specifically catered to tourists and pilgrims visiting the Our Lady of Altötting Chapel and other religious sites within the downtown area.  These shops sold various wooden sculptures, most in the form of the crucifix, which was seen in almost every home I visited during my stay in Bavaria.  There were prayer candles of every imaginable size, reproductions of historic biblical paintings,  jewelry, etc... Some of the shops were built right into the side exterior walls of the large Collegiate Church of Saint Philipp and Jacob, resembling permanent market stalls.  I went inside each of them and they seemed to be almost the same store with slight variations of the same themed items, competing with each other.  I had a little trouble with the language barrier as the store clerk immediately greeted me in German and then attempted to assisted me.  I think my awkward standard response was... I'm an Americana and just looking...  The message was received with a confused smile, void of any vocal response.  I was then able to graze over the wares available for sale without clerk interference!  Eventually, I found and purchased a small silver hat pin of the Black Madonna, inscribed with the name Altötting.  Hat pins are something I try to collect from every destination I visit to help document my travels.  They are a great little souvenir that only cost a few dollars.  I collected a total of six pins during my trip which I would add to the banner in my classroom that displays my full collection.  

     Basilika of Saint Anna Renovations
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I left the Church Plaza and strolled down a slight hill to explore some of the side streets and couldn't help but notice the huge church completely covered in scaffolding, easily visible due to its extreme height in comparison to the surrounding buildings.  I continued my tour of the side streets, which were much quieter than the busy plaza and made my way toward the large church undergoing renovations.  The church yard was surrounded by a tall wall blocking access and my line of sight of the ground level of the building.  Eventually, I came to an arched doorway with a large iron gate that was propped open.  It was being used as the entrance for the construction workers who had a few small work trucks parked just inside.  I slipped through the gateway and quickly went behind a nearby out building, so the workers wouldn't notice me.  I suddenly realized this was not one of the most intelligent decisions I could have made today.  I really had no idea if I actually was allowed to be within the churchyard, since there was a wall surrounding the place, after all.  Plus, if I was seen and questioned, I would never be able to explain myself since I didn't know the language.  How would I ever live it down if my first solo experience in Germany ended in a jail cell?  How do you say Epic Fail in German?  However, it was too late now...  I was inside the wall and now had no guarantee if and when I went back to the iron gate it would still be open.  There has to be another way out of here, so I decided to go forth and play the role of the clueless American tourist.  I've played dumb before... In fact, I am pretty good at it!  Ask anybody!

Monastery of Altotting
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The Basilika of Saint Anna was a modern structure built in 1912 to help accommodate the many pilgrims arriving to visit Altötting.  The massive church can hold 8,000 people for a single Mass and was now getting a complete overhaul from the top of the steeple to bottom of its pews.  I rounded the towering church getting some great pictures of the building and surrounding churchyard, which was beautified with colorful rose gardens in full bloom.  The expansive open space appeared deserted, with the exception of several construction workers who were high above in the scaffolding, busy with their task at hand.  I started looking for an exit on the opposite side of the vast churchyard but couldn't find anything except fences, walls, and a canal that may have been filled with piranha and alligators to prevent escape.  I later found out, I was actually walking through the grounds of a monastery that was connected with Saint Anna.  Trapped, I decided to retreat back toward the gate where I had first entered the property, hoping it was still open before I was caught and involuntarily ordained a monk!  Not that there is anything wrong with that...  I quickly retraced my steps without detection, determined to remain Protestant by using my ninja-like skills of stealth and concealment to successfully return to the gate, which was thankfully still unlocked.  I slipped back out through the walled arch into the street and continued on my merry way as if I didn't have a care in the world.  That was fun, but I didn't try to slip through any open gaps within walled spaces for the rest of the day.  Note to Self: Curiosity can get you into trouble!

 Porsche 911 on the Streets of Altötting
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As I walked about town, I couldn't help but check out the passing automobiles along with the historic charm of Altötting.  There are several tiers of quality on display driving along the streets with Opel, Ford, and Fiat filling the role as the basic model car makers providing the most economical choice.  In the middle cost category were a few French made Peugeot models but the most common make by far was Volkswagen, the most purchased car in Germany.  The next level up and most desirable automobile brands to own were BMW, Mercedes-Benz, and Audi, which were very numerous with all three cars being built in Germany.  At the top of the car pyramid, Porsche appeared to sit all alone on the apex, with the exception of the super car level, more common in advertisements, commercials, and the unobtainable dreams of the common man.  I did see one Maserati in Regensburg and later a Bentley during a day trip to Munich.  Even a few nice American cars were seen during my travels including a brand new loaded Ford Mustang Cobra GT 500 and a classic 1950's Chevy Corvette convertible, immaculately restored to pristine showroom condition.  An interesting side note... A new BMW in the Unites States is 20% cheaper than the same model sold in Munich, where the factory is located.  Some Germans have been known to travel to the United States to purchase a BMW and then have it shipped home to save thousands of dollars.  Go figure... The geographic cost discrepancy is explained by the ability of what people can afford to pay.  The healthier the economy, the more people can afford to pay, raising the final price.  It is the same concept that makes prescription drugs in Mexico cost a fraction of what they do in the United States.  The price is set to the level of what people can afford to shell out in an effort to maximize profits in every market location around the globe.  I wonder what my classic 99 Dodge Caravan would be worth in Germany... A diamond in the rough... or just rough?

Side Street Corner in Altötting
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As I walked around town, it was great to see a lot of little Mom and Pop type family owned stores, void of the run of the mill corporate style chains that are so common today.  People were buying fresh cut roses from the flower shop, fresh bread from one of several bakeries, and meat from the butcher.  Many of the stores had been there for a long period of time, passed down from father to son and mother to daughter.  They will most likely endure through future generations, longer than the average upstart franchise, which are often here today and gone within a decade.  Family owned restaurants and cafes were everywhere, most likely known by the locals for preparing their signature dishes from secret recipes handed down through the ages.  It was really refreshing not to see a McDonald's, Burger King, KFC, or a hundred other fast food restaurants anywhere in sight.  Although, the march of progress can never be stopped, it was evident that the heart and soul of the small city of Altötting was clearly anchored in the age old traditions of their past.  Speaking of food, it was now past noon and time to seek out some nourishment.  I was a little intimidated without my interpreter Wendy along so I went where I was already known.  One of the food items Wendy insisted I try while in Bavaria was something called a döner, which I guessed was some type of Bavarian doughnut.  However, I was completely off target.  

Turkish Döner Shop of Altötting
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A döner is a Turkish sandwich that is a very popular food choice in many parts of the world, including Germany.  Several kinds of meat are combined together, such as chicken and lamb, and are roasted on a vertical spit over a rotisserie flame.  The roasted meat is then cut off the spit using an electric shaver, where the meat falls into a collection bin below.  The meat is piled high in a bread pita wrap, which is then heated in a hot press, and then topped with lettuce, tomato, onion, and a few spoons of ranch dressing.  It is served in a paper wrapper to go, which makes it popular with the local kids, adults, and visiting tourists on the go.  Wendy had helped me broker a döner transaction a few days earlier at the same shop.  As I walked through the door, they immediately remembered the Americana in the stylish white German hat.  When it was my turn, they looked at me with raised eyebrows waiting for my order... döner, I said with confidence, which sent smiles through the men working behind the counter.  They pointed to each of the four possible toppings one at a time and a shake of my head effectively conveyed my order.  I was learning that few words were sometimes needed to transmit basic communication to others using hand gestures for emphasis... It was kind of like playing a foreign language version of charades!  Anyway, the important thing was I managed to make several purchases today without assistance from a translator.  Plus, the döner was delicious. It was also popular with our students who also ordered a "döner in a box", which was the meat, combined with vegetables and french fries, tossed into a paper box container in place of the pita bread wrapping.  It was kind of like a "döner salad" to go or a "walking döner".  I told Wendy, when I eventually retire from teaching, my plan is now to open a döner shop in Lititz.  Watch out Rosie's Lunch!

A Döner Kebab to Go
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In my opinion, Germany's population appeared to somewhat resemble the United States, becoming more of a global community through prolonged immigration.  A growing number of the country's citizens had roots originating from various nations from around the globe.  Over the decades, the diverse ethnic backgrounds of the newly implanted residents had added their own flavor to the local culture, especially when it came to food.  Italian, Czech, Russian, Asian, Arab, and English... just to name a few, were adding their own cultural contributions to their local communities.  However, it also appeared many immigrants had helped their quest to become accepted by assimilating to the German culture.  Many appeared to have meshed within the German ideal of uniformity, absorbing themselves within the culture by conforming their language, dress, and style of housing to acceptable norms.  Germany's healthy economy will no doubt, continue to attract people from far and wide to relocate to Bavaria and beyond.  Germany as a whole, currently has a population of approximately 85 million people living in an area the physical size of the state of Montana in the United States.  In addition to help nurture a more common economy, the creation of the European Union and common Euro currency appears to also have helped facilitate a merging of peoples and cultures.  By the way, my döner was delicious and I would follow Wendy's advice to try one several times during my three week visit!

 Altötting Town Hall / Rathaus
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I walked back to Church Square and took a seat on a bench in the shade by the beautiful town hall (rathaus) building where we had recently met the mayor of Altötting.  The weather was beautiful today, just as it would be for all but a few days during our visit.  We had been lucky because it can rain quite frequently in this area of Bavaria during the summer months.  A group from Cocalico who visited the previous year had some rain almost every day during their three week stay.  The Church Plaza was a great setting to finish my döner and Coca-Cola Light.  Now it was time to return to KKG so I could catch a ride home with Andy, who was now almost done teaching for the day.  I walked back toward the school through the streets of Altötting, watching the world flow by, and feeling I was somewhat part of the current...  

Walking Along the Road in Altötting
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Please stayed tuned for the next installment of our adventure!


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Sunday, November 18, 2012

An American in Germany / Part # 12 / Marktl


GAPP Exchange Journal 2012
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Rural Marktl / The River Inn

Rich Green Countryside of Marktl
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Today after lunch Wendy and I were invited by her host, Rosi Mittermeier, for a drive through the country to visit the working farm where she grew up just outside the village of Marktl.  The village has become much more famous since the spring of 2005 when Joseph Aloisius Ratzinger was chosen as the successor to Pope John Paul II who had recently passed away.   Following his Papal Inauguration Mass in late April, he was dubbed Pope Benedict XVI, becoming the 265th leader of the Roman Catholic Church.  The Vatican in Rome was a long way from the modest home in Marktl where Pope Benedict was born in 1927.  Born the son of middle class parents, young Joseph grew up to become a long time theology professor at the University of Regensburg.  The home where he grew up, near the center of town still exists and has become a frequent tourist attraction.  The home was recently purchased and turned into a small museum to cater to the constant flow of visitors.  As a former resident of Marktl, Regensburg, and Munich, Pope Benedict XVI also has strong ties to Altötting, which he designated as the Heart of Bavaria and one of the Hearts of Europe.  Our plan was to stop by the Pope's birthplace for a quick photo if time permitted but visiting the farm was first on our agenda.

 Rosie's Parents / The Straubingers
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We pulled down a long cinder covered lane to a large farm with several big barns, farmhouses, and many additional outbuildings.  Many of the building rooftops were covered with the ever present solar panels, harnessing the energy from the sun.  The farm was a multifaceted operation that included a working horse farm, a dairy cattle ranch, and expansive fields of grain crops.  First, we headed out to one of the horse barns to see if we could find Rosi's brother Richard, who oversees most of the farm's business operations.  We found him working on several horses, performing the skilled actions of a seasoned farrier, replacing the horseshoes on a large bay mare.  After introductions, it was a joy to watch Richard go to work, through the multistage routine of shoeing a horse.  First the old metal shoes had to be removed by pulling out the metal nails that held them in place.  Next, he matched a new shoe to the horse's hoof much like an old school shoe salesman did back in the day, assuming you are old enough to remember shoe salesmen, who once pampered you, carefully measuring your feet to ensure the best possible fit.  Richard shaped the shoes on an anvil and heavy hammer located on the ground, going back and forth between the horse and the tools of his trade until he was satisfied it was a match.  The horse was secured by the bridle, which was hitched to posts of the horse stalls located on both sides of the animal.  Richard bent the leg of the horse upward and placed the shoe on top of the hoof's bottom surface and then placed a nail within the shoe and hammered away.  Even though I had grown up around farms my whole life, and even had worked on them from time to time as a kid, I had never actually seen a farrier at work.  It was a joy to watch...

A Skilled Farrier at Work
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A horse is not the easiest animal to manage due to their large size, weight, and strength, which is made even more challenging when forced to stand on three feet.  Richard had the ability to stabilize the animal by constantly moving to the position the horse was most comfortable, trying to keep the multiple tools at his feet within reach, dragging them along with his foot.  As he nailed the shoe into the hoof with swift even blows of the hammer, the horse seemed more curious than alarmed... Hey, what are ya doing back there anyway?  I never realized it before but the metal nails actually protrude through the outer surface of the hoof with their sharp pointed spurs sticking upright into the air when the horse placed his foot flat on the ground.  Frank then took a large metal tool shaped like a pliers that clipped the sharp end of the nail off, which fell to the floor.  He then used a large file to smooth the remaining metal nail stub down until it was flat in line with the surface of the hoof.  In the end the nail ends appeared as little graphite colored dots on the surface of the hoof that would soon be cloaked in dirt and made invisible.  The whole process would have to repeated three more times for each foot.  The horse appeared completely content and pain free throughout the whole procedure.  The whole process takes over an hour from beginning to end for each animal.  Servicing some of the maintenance needs of the horses he boards was another way for Richard to generate income for the farm.  A very smart business practice.  A mother and daughter arrived to take their boarded horses for a planned countryside ride and began the process of saddling their mounts a few feet away.  It was indeed a beautiful day for a ride!  I could have stayed and watched Richard at his task all day long but there were a lot more areas around the farm to check out and explore.

 Cute Newborn Farm Puppies
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We turned the corner into an interior courtyard space where Richard's son Simon was tending to a litter of newborn puppies of the family's two dogs.  They were more than cute but watch out for the needle sharp puppy teeth.  They were clamoring after their mother hoping to nurse but she didn't seem in the mood and gruffly turned them away.  Wendy instincts immediately kicked into gear as she quickly swooped in as a surrogate mother to provide unconditional love and support, which was much appreciated by the brood.  We continued our self guided tour, walking through a dairy barn where many of the cows were neatly lined up ingesting the pile of feed that had been recently distributed before them in a long trough.  They began bellowing as we passed by to offer a greeting or warning not to touch their portion of the grain share.  We passed by a small paddock containing two young calves who were curious but tentative of our presence and remained shy and withdrawn in the far back corner of the stable.  We stepped outside the barn into the sunlight and encountered a large green John Deere tractor pulling an empty manure spreader, which came to an abrupt stop.  A man in his eighties emerged from the tractor cab, who turned out to be Rosie's father who was still hard at work with daily farm chores.  He greeted us warmly and appeared to be a man happy in his work as a simple farmer, reaping a living from Mother Nature's bounty.  As we talked, a young man who was an apprentice on the farm used another tractor with a front end loader to collect manure from a large walled fertilizer reservoir to refill the manure spreader.  When the task was complete conversation ceased as Mr. Straubinger hopped back up into the tractor to tackle the task at hand and pulled his rig out toward the far fields.  Break time was over!

Silage, It's Whats for Dinner!
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Next, we headed into one of the large farmhouses and scaled the steps into the living space Rosi had called home during her childhood.  Her mother had been expecting us and had the kitchen table already set with small white dishes and a homemade pineapple and peach upside down cake placed as a centerpiece.  We sat down around the table as she made fresh whipped cream from scratch and brewed a full pot of hot coffee.  As we ate the delicious cake, Rosi and her mother began to discuss the upcoming celebration plans for her upcoming 80th birthday.  Turning 80 years old in Bavaria is a big deal and is usually recognized with a large dinner party as a matter of custom.  It was not a surprise party by any means as Rosi's mother carefully considered what style of invitations would be sent out to people on the guest list.  They paged through an invitation catalog and narrowed down the decision to several possible choices.  But that was only half the decision process...  An interesting characteristic of the traditional invitation for an 80th birthday party included a featured picture portrait within the card's design.  What picture should be used?  Multiple photographs of Rosi's mother from various stages of her life were compared, contrasted, promoted, and debated and then debated some more.  I didn't have a vote so I had another piece of cake topped with a heaping spoon of heavy whipped cream and downed a second cup of coffee.  I was kind of hoping that they were going to try and tackle the menu choices next!  However, with the pending invitation choice and accompanying photograph narrowed down to a select few, that was enough for one afternoon.  By the way... Happy 80th Birthday Mrs. Straubinger!

Along the Banks of the River Inn
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Mrs. Straubinger admitted that her husband was far less picky the previous year making the invitation decisions for his own 80th birthday celebration.  Despite vast differences of nationality, language, and customs, it was evidently clear most men don't differ very much across the globe.  I imagine Mr. Straubinger made his invitation and photo selections in less than five total minutes.  The Straubinger Farm is located along an elevated ridge that runs parallel with the Inn River about fifty yards away.  In fact, a great view of the river could be seen from the farmhouse kitchen window.  The source of the Inn River is high up in the Swiss Alps where it flows through two lakes following a northeasterly course crossing into Austria, past the city of Innsbruck, and then entering the state of Bavaria into Germany near the city of Kufstein.  The 312 mile long river increases in volume as the tributaries of the Salzach and Alz join the Inn along the river's route flowing toward the city of Passau, where it empties into the Danube River.  The final third of the Inn's journey toward the city of Passau serves as the official border between the nations of Germany and Austria.  As soon as we descended the hillside pathway and got our first closeup view of the Inn River, I was immediately intrigued by its unique color.  The river was a cloudy lite turquoise green that appeared to perfectly match the color of the willow trees growing close to its edge along the river bank.  They were a perfect compliment to one another.  What a beautiful setting to ride a horse! 

  Matching Colors of River and Willow Trees
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We walked along the sandy shoreline, heavily covered by rounded riverbed stone, which was colored various shades of white and green.  Although it appeared the stone had been purposefully dumped on the location to form the riverside pathway, Rosi said the stone had been naturally deposited there by the river over time during heavy rain events.  It seemed if you could take an equal number of the white and green stones and put them in water, they would dissolve to form the unique shade of light green matching the river itself.  The river water was extremely cold even though it was early July and the weather had been hot.  Since the source of the river was high in the Swiss Alps, the water it contained had previously been the snow and ice resting on the mountaintops from the previous winter.  No wonder it was cold!  Rosi's husband Klaus is an avid hiker and mountain climber who loves the outdoors and the challenging tests of strength and endurance Mother Nature has to offer.  One day long ago, Klaus tried to impress Rosi by swimming across the Inn River to the other side, close to where we were currently standing.  He made it but it was a struggle.  He later said the ice cold water had a crippling effect on his muscles making it difficult to fight the strong current the final third of the way across.  He thought by wearing a wet suit, it would keep him warm but he was shocked by the low temperature of the water.  Klaus placed it on his list of outdoor accomplishments but never attempted to go swimming in the frigid Inn River again!         

The Confluence of the Inn and Alz Rivers
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We continued along the riverbank and were suddenly attacked by swarms of huge hungry mosquitoes  that may have been churned up by the recent heavy rains.  The space of land between the stone pathway and edge of the woods seemed marshy and thick with the aggressive pests.  My wife's voice warning me to take along and pack bug repellent in my suitcase repeatedly sounded off in my head.  I hate that!  It would be just one of many of my wife's ignored packing item suggestions that would come back to haunt me during my trip.  We hurried through the gauntlet of invisible flying attackers and continued onward toward the end of our route.  We came to the confluence where the Alz River, flowing from its source at Lake Chemisee 40 miles to the south, joins the Inn River.  The two merging rivers were drastically different in color, creating a distinct visible line where the two reluctantly came together to battle for the right of way to continue their flow toward Passau.  The larger and more powerful Inn River seemed to push the inferior Alz off to the side, winning the contest of strength to push through toward the northeast.  It was a beautiful site, minus the ever present attacking mosquitoes!  The trail now left the riverbank and headed into the woods and within a few minutes we were climbing a farm road uphill and out of the reach of the bothersome insects.  We emerged from the shade of the woods into the sunlight at the edge of expansive green cornfields growing waist high.

The Edge of the Straubinger Farm
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We hiked our way back to the Straucinger farmhouse walking along the edge of the cornfield, parallel with the line of the riverbank below we had just traveled.  The Inn River remained cloaked by the forest trees growing on the hillside between the fertile soil above and the riverbed below.  We reconnected with Rosi's parents and wished them well and then it was time to depart for home.  Unfortunately, we didn't have time to visit the center of Marktl and the birthplace of Pope Benedict XVI but we had a great day touring the Straucinger family farm.  Later that night, I was invited to attend a backyard barbecue hosted by Rosi and Klaus, the home where Wendy was staying during our trip.  We ate on the back deck at a large table surrounded by friends of the family, mostly English teachers from KKG school associated with the exchange.  The grilled meats, including an imported sausage, was delicious, followed by various kinds of Swiss and German chocolate for dessert.  As the evening grew dark, Rosi illuminated the table with a dozen votive candles spread over the table's surface.  The coffee from Rosi's mother had long worn off and following the hearty meal, I was beginning to fade fast.  It had been a long day and another was approaching fast!  A great big "Thank You" to Rosi and her family for a fantastic day!  Time to hit the sack!   

 Klaus and Rosi Mittermeier
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Sunday, November 11, 2012

An American in Germany / Part # 11 / Altötting


GAPP Exchange Journal 2012
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Tour of Altötting Church Square

Touring the Square of Altötting
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I had walked through downtown Altötting with Andy and Wendy a few times to take in the overall view, pick up some historical tidbits, and most importantly for Wendy and I to get our daily fix of ice cream.  It was mandatory.  However, today following our morning homeroom period, we would be getting the official tour from KKG English and French teacher Irene Kerndl, who has a long history of involvement with the GAPP program over the past two decades.  It would be our first group activity outside of school, our maiden school field trip adventure together on the other side of the world.  Wendy and I acted as teamsters coaxing our valuable herd of students to market.  It was a nerve racking fifteen minute journey through the foreign terrain but we safely arrived and didn't even lose one stray!  There's nothing like the feeling of bringing in a herd...  Irene led us down to the center of Altötting to the famous church square known as the Kapellplatz Church Plaza, where a multitude of Roman Catholic structures reside.  There are several large churches in and around the plaza but the small Gnadenkapelle (Chapel of Grace), which is known by many names, is the central focus for the 1.3 million people who visit the plaza annually.  The tiny village first became well known on the map in 1489 when a woman carried her son to the Chapel of Grace after he had drown in a nearby stream.  According to legend, she laid her unresponsive son on the high altar under a wooden statue of the Virgin Mary when he suddenly came back to life a few minutes later, without any sign of injury.  The event was dubbed a miracle as the news quickly spread throughout the region, attracting others to the site.  The rest is history...

Lady of Altötting / Chapel of Grace
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The location was first deemed a holy site when Saint Rupert baptized the first Christian Duke of Bavaria circa 680 AD, who then ordered a chapel to be built on the location to mark the occasion.  An effort was made to convert the surrounding population to Christianity over their traditional Pagan ways and a newly constructed church containing images of Christianity would help the cause.  A statue of the Virgin Mary was placed on the high altar within the octagon shaped apse.  The first church on the site was destroyed by fire at the hands of Hungarian invaders near the end of the first century, along with the original Madonna shrine.  The chapel was reconstructed circa 1000 and the current Madonna statue within the altar is the same one carved from wood belonging to a nearby linden tree around 1330.  The statue depicts an image of the Virgin Mary holding the Baby Jesus off to one side.  Due to the deep color of the wood and continued darkening from prolonged exposure to candle soot, the statue became known as the Black Madonna.  Both figures within the sculpture are adorned with fine embroidered black and gold fabric robes.  Following the miracle in 1439 of the three year old boy coming back to life after drowning, another similar miracle involving a child occurred again.  A six year old boy was returning with his father on a loaded farm wagon from the fields outside of town.  He suddenly fell from the wagon and was consequently crushed by the wagon's heavy wheels.  The father, remembering the previous miracle, took the boy to the Chapel of Grace and placed his body before the statue of the Black Madonna and prayed for his survival.  Although the boy was so badly crushed and was given no hope to live, legend says he awoke the next morning with no signs of injury and was completely healed.  Do you believe in miracles?

Kapellplatz Church Plaza Fountain
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Over time the tiny chapel became a popular destination for pilgrims, making it the most visited religious shrine in Bavaria.  Due to the chapel's history associated with saving children, it has become a place of thanksgiving for families who have experienced their own miracles.  The entire exterior of the chapel is surrounded by a covered walkway known as the gallery, where thousands of paintings and image artifacts, left as gifts to the Black Madonna, are on display.  People whose own children have overcome serious health risks pay tribute to the shrine by leaving a visual representation as a testament to their faith in God's power to heal.  There are so many votive tablets (miracle plaques) in existence that many are said to be stored away and rotated on display several times a year.  Some painted tablets appeared to have been extremely old, possibly dating back several centuries.  It was a powerful and humbling sight to behold.  Several large wooden crosses were propped up against the wall, which are carried by some visitors as they circle the chapel and recite their silent prayers.  During the Easter holiday the traditional children's pilgrimage takes place when thousands of young people from the far reaches of the Diocese of Passau journey to the sacred chapel on foot, some from as far away as fifty miles.  Multiple other pilgrimages take place throughout the year but are most numerous during the summer months.  One morning while we were eating breakfast at Andy's house, we saw a group of about twenty pilgrims through the kitchen window making their way toward Altötting along the pedestrian pathway.  It was interesting to see the procession of faithful pass just outside.  I wondered how far they had walked; where were they from?

 Linden Tree Planted By Pope John Paul II
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The perimeter of Our Lady of Altötting / Chapel of Grace was accented by linden trees as a tribute to the wood used to create the Black Madonna shrine so long ago.  In fact, the linden tree is considered somewhat sacred in Bavaria with connection to religious images and even Germanic mythology.  Pope John Paul II visited Altötting in 1980 and delivered an evening Mass on the Chapel Square to a crowd estimated to exceed 10,000 faithful.  He even took the time to plant a sacred linden tree known as the Pope-Linde at the far end of the square close to the entrance of the monastery of Altötting's Saint Konrad.  The famous chapel is known by many different names but the reason it is sometimes called the Heart of Bavaria may be its most interesting title.  Bavarian tradition since the 17th century has required the heart of every deceased King of Bavaria to be laid to rest within a silver urn within the Chapel of Grace.  The tradition was started by King Maximilian of Bavaria when he composed a hand written letter to the Black Madonna in his own blood, consecrating his soul and country to the Lady of Altötting.  The Blood Consecration Letter is on display within the alter of the chapel at the base of the Black Madonna shrine.  The hearts serve as royal guards to the Virgin Mary.  The silver urns contain only the heart of each monarch, their other remains are laid to rest elsewhere.  The unusual tradition ceased after the death of King Ludwig II, Bavaria's last true king.

 Collegiate Church of Saint Philipp and Jacob
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The Kapellplatz Church Plaza contains many other structures of the Roman Catholic Church, which were built to help accommodate the large number of worshipers that flock to visit the famous Chapel of Grace.  The largest building on the square is the Collegiate Church of Saint Philipp and Jacob, which was actually the fourth religious structure to occupy the space.  The current building was constructed in 1499 but preserved some of the historical elements of the previous structure's architecture that date back to the 13th Century.  The church is easily recognizable from a distance due to the tall spires of matching towers that rise over 150 feet into the sky above.  I used them many times as a visible reference point to help guide me back to the center of town when I was off exploring the surrounding side streets on my own.  As you enter the large church doorway into the narthex you passed by a very tall clock resembling an enormous grandfather clock with one very distinct difference. The top of the square clock face was adorned with a standing skeletal figure representing the likeness of the Grim Reaper.  He was even holding a little iconic grain sickle in his little hands.  The clock was crafted during the dark time associated with the Black Death and 30 Years War that ravaged the area, circa during the first half of the 17th Century.  The unexpected characteristic of the clock was further emphasized when the little Grim Reaper suddenly moved periodically turning from one side to another.  Legend says every time he moved to one side someone died and when he later made a move to the other side of the clock, someone else was born.  It was kind of like a primitive population clock but must have only been covering a limited region since keeping track of the world population would have worn the little guy out!

 Life and Death Population Clock
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The large interior sanctuary was very beautiful with a late Gothic architectural design.  Another interesting element of the church were the four canonized bishops that eternally rest along the side walls within the main sanctuary.  Burial within the nave is considered a great honor reserved for a select few, a privilege rarely granted.  The closer the body is buried in proximity to the high altar, the closer one is considered to God.  There were two memorials located on each side of the sanctuary containing the remains of the honored deceased.  The interesting characteristic of each sarcophagus was the side of the memorial facing the sanctuary consisted of glass, giving the public an open unobstructed view of the body at rest.  The body was richly dressed in ornately embroidered robes of gold and white silk, further adorned with jewels.  The dressing from head to foot concealed a majority of the body itself, with the exception of the skeletal face, which was turned to face the pews of the sanctuary.  Since this is not a widely practiced custom in America, it was a little shocking for most members of our group to see, who were taken by surprise by the spectacle.   

 Exposed Bishop's Burial Sarcophagus
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Turning back toward the narthex, the rear vestibule displayed a large memorial to all the local people who had died during World War II.  The memorial had the image of the Virgin Mary centrally mounted on the wall flanked by the names of all the victims etched in capital letters within the stone.  The fallen did not appear to be of military origin but civilian casualties of the conflict.  Several other people of honor were buried in underground crypts just beyond the sanctuary, another resting place of honor.  An altar room contained a steep staircase one floor down to the underground space of the crypt.  A famous local general of the 30 Years War named Johann Tserclaes, who was known as the Duke of Tilly, was honorably laid to rest in one of the tombs.  The stone coffin containing General Tilley's remains had a square section cut out of the stone sarcophagus above where his head would be located.  The cutout was replaced by a thick panel of glass to reveal his skeletal face to onlooking visitors.   Next we toured the cloister walkway connected to the sanctuary that told the story of the crucifixion through a series of large wood carved dioramas colorfully painted.  Near the end of the walkway, we came to a plain wooden display case mounted to the wall off to one side.  The case contained many small black and white portrait sized photographs, each labeled with a name and date of death.  The simplistic memorial commemorated the fallen military personnel from the local area who died during World War II.  Most of the faces behind the glass were of young teenaged faces shrouded in military dress to look more mature.  Both World War II memorials equally permeated a feeling of sorrow and sadness.

Stiftspfarrkirche World War II Memorial
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Our tour of the church plaza was now complete with the exception of one very important ceremonious meeting scheduled with the town mayor known as the Burgermeister of Altötting.  First, we fortunately had some time to spare, so we gave our kids a little free time to explore the area, while Wendy, Irene, and I took refuge from the sun in a small side cafe on the plaza.  It was time for some ice cream... like I said before... It was mandatory!  Irene ordered a cappuccino, a drink I just couldn't get excited about... it was so tiny?  Within the hour we rendezvoused with our students and made our way to our next appointment.  We headed to the town hall known as the Rathaus where the mayor's office was located, right on the plaza.  Our group was welcomed inside and taken upstairs to what appeared to be the board meeting room.  We all took our seats around the "U" shaped wooden table and accompanying chairs that filled the bulk of the room.  Burgermeister Herbert Hofauer made his entrance and then delivered his official welcoming address of the city he was so proud to lead.  Our KKG teacher guide Irene served as translator for the mayor's speech to our students, which gave a brief history of the region and town center.  He was a friendly man who had taken time out of his busy day to welcome us as ambassador guests of the United States to the historical city of Altötting.  A few goodwill wishes and gifts were exchanged, followed by a group portrait outside with the Chapel of Grace as a backdrop.

 Warwick Ambassadors to the World
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When I first arrived on the fringe of the openness of Altötting's Church Square, I assumed one of the larger churches connected to the plaza was the famous focal point of Altötting.  It was refreshing to discover that the magnet pulling people from around the world to this holy sacred location was none other than a small chapel that held less than 75 people at a time.  Compared to the grand scale of the Regensburg Dom, a cathedral I had just previously visited, this tiny chapel with many names was just as grand.  What it lacked in physical size and shape, it was more than compensated by the countless people who walk countless miles as a testament of their faith to the Black Madonna.  When Irene first paraded our group past the entrance of the Chapel of Grace, few of us could penetrate the threshold for an interior view due to the Catholic Mass that was taking place.  I made it a point to find the time before my departure from Bavaria to return to the chapel for an interior visit to the altar that healed children through miracles.  I finally got that chance on my last full day in town. Although I am not a member of the Catholic Church, I wanted to say a prayer of thanks for my own miracle before the Black Madonna.  My daughter Katelyn survived a cancerous brain tumor when she was in first grade.  It was an extremely difficult road to travel but several years later, she became a cancer survivor and for that, I am eternally grateful...

  The Miracle Plaques of the Chapel of Grace
(Photo Credit / Altötting Pilgrimage and Tourist Office) 
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Please stayed tuned for the next installment of our adventure!

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  Kapellplatz Church Plaza / Overhead View
(Photo Credit / Altötting Pilgrimage and Tourist Office) 
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